A novel strategy for a reinforced anammox process with iron-modified Enteromorpha prolifera biochar

Abstract Modified biochar with higher electron transport and adsorption capabilities could significantly improve the performance of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox). However, there are few related investigations on reinforcement anammox through iron-modified Enteromorpha prolifera (IMEPB). In this study, addition IMEPB in system, enhancing process was studied, improving feasibility evaluated, reinforcing mechanism elucidated. The results showed that optimal iron?charcoal ratio (Fe:C) dosage were 1:10 10 g L ?1 , respectively. Under conditions, when nitrogen loading rate gradually increased to 0.557 (kg m ?3 day ), removal efficiency supplemented by 11%, specific activity 23.8%. Compared control, secretion extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) bacteria 24.4%, greatly stability system. Meanwhile, EPS further promoted microbial bacteria, achieving a 19% increase abundance Candidatus Brocadia. These findings demonstrate potential anammox, provide new insights into recycling E. novel strategy for anammox. future, adding may be vital measure practical application coastal areas. Graphical